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--- 2024lctgmeetingchats [2024.05.29 08:31] – Steve Isenberg
+++ 2024lctgmeetingchats [2024.09.25 08:50] (current) – Steve Isenberg
@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 These are a record of the chats that were passed during meetings in 2024.  They have been edited to a small extent.\\
 To find chats for a given day, for example January 10, 2024, search for datecode 20240110 (2024, month 01, day 10).
+====20240904====
+===AI and the Dead and Covid Update===
+<WRAP prewrap>
+<code>
+:22:22 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	Ignoble 2024 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ukBwV9Lap2A
+:23:32 From Seth Silverman to Everyone:
+	Hi all. This is Seth Silverman.  I’m one of the “new guys”. I am double booked and have to drop. I am happy to help with the previous 10/2 NAS topic if you end up not being able to fill another topic and the speaker is Ok keeping the previous date.
+:07:09 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	https://www.sci.news/astronomy/2024-pt5-earth-mini-moon-13280.html
+:07:24 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	https://www.npr.org/2024/09/21/nx-s1-5121914/mini-moon-earth-asteroid
+:08:19 From Larry Wittig to Everyone:
+	Re Inter net speed: Most folks use Wi-Fi which may cut the speed at your viewing device in half.
+:14:21 From Larry Wittig to Everyone:
+	Sabrina is now very down on on Physics on how it is praticed at universities. Too much emphasis on turn out a large number of published papersvs. doing useful projects. She has a video on this.
+:15:13 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06-iq-0yJNM&pp=ygUbYnJpYW4gZ3JlZW4gYWkgY29uc2Npb3VzbmVz  and  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06-iq-0yJNM&pp=ygUbYnJpYW4gZ3JlZW4gYWkgY29uc2Npb3VzbmVz   both are 45 minutes on consciousness
+:16:00 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	That’s Brian Greene World Science Festival episodes with different guests.
+:17:29 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	Sabine is mostly a critic and debunker of problematic science news.
+:22:09 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	Also, two from Brian Greene on AI ~ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EGDG3hgPNp8&t=815s&pp=ygUbYnJpYW4gZ3JlZW4gYWkgY29uc2Npb3VzbmVz  and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7wznuB0sKlw&pp=ygUbYnJpYW4gZ3JlZW4gYWkgY29uc2Npb3VzbmVz  Both about 40 minutes.
+</code>
+</WRAP>
+[[lexingtoncomputergroup|return]]
+====20240904====
+===AI and the Dead and Covid Update===
+<WRAP prewrap>
+<code>
+:11:14 From John Rudy to Everyone:
+	so i assume that in 10 years it [ability to deep-fake your ancestors] might be pretty good
+:14:48 From Drew King to Everyone:
+	MS-DEFCON 4: Side effects for dual booters
+:17:06 From tedpk to Everyone:
+	https://www.cell.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2666-3864%2824%2900436-3
+:20:23 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	Language is a tool for encrypting information.
+:31:37 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	This summer I had COVID, and was up and around. Not even testing positive for a day or two.
+:38:13 From Judy & Mike Alexander to Everyone:
+	Bob - How do you know it wasn't a "flu"
+:40:47 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	Because I did test positive on Day Two or Three, and remained positive for 14 days thereafter. I also got very run down on Day Three, and had classic COVID cymptoms, including respiratory difficulties.
+:04:24 From Mitch Wolfe to Everyone:
+	HHS Paxlovid: https://aspr.hhs.gov/COVID-19/Therapeutics/Products/Paxlovid/Pages/default.aspx [article on Paxlovid, a preferred oral antiviral drug to treat COVID-19]
+</code>
+</WRAP>
+[[lexingtoncomputergroup|return]]
+====20240828====
+===Euclid Telescope===
+<WRAP prewrap>
+<code>
+:14:22 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	As the universe expands, the interstices between galaxies become increasingly vacant and distant from receding galaxies, so that time speeds up in those interstices.
+:16:29 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	Time also runs faster on the moon than on the earth.
+</code>
+</WRAP>
+[[lexingtoncomputergroup|return]]
+====20240807====
+===Metcalfe: Connectivity===
+<WRAP prewrap>
+<code>
+:08:55 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	What they did not list was that Bob co-invented ethernet.
+:48:09 From Judy & Mike Alexander to Everyone:
+	My friends from Xerox say that it was uncompetitive in computers because top management was wedded to COPIERS.
+:50:11 From Carl Lazarus to Everyone:
+	When AT&T tried to get into computers, it failed miserably.  Perhaps it was also a case of a monopoly having the wrong mindset for a competitive industry.
+:50:29 From Tim O'Neal to Everyone:
+	I saw you explain Ethernet at the PA HomeBrew Computer Club.  At what point in your career did you appreciate the analogy between numbers of connections to a device as contrasted to the speed and size of a device, i.e. Moore's Law vs. Metcalfe's Law?
+:52:21 From Steve Isenberg to Everyone:
+	Note that this is a recording and not a live presentation.
+:58:11 From Harry Forsdick to Everyone:
+	Re his new work — let’s remember he is getting close to 80.  Astonishing…
+:08:31 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	From Boolean Logic to “Fuzzy” Logic (Continuous-Valued Logic) to Combinatorial Logic.
+:20:14 From Steve Isenberg to Everyone:
+	From Wikipedia: In automata theory, combinational logic is a type of digital logic that is implemented by Boolean circuits, where the output is a pure function of the present input only. This is in contrast to sequential logic, in which the output depends not only on the present input but also on the history of the input.
+:21:33 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	Isn’t that a Markov Model?  The current state is all that is available, and not the history of how we got to the current state.
+:23:01 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	The company, Y-Combinator, takes its name from the fundamental unit of Combinatorial Logic, called a Combinator.
+:23:41 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	As I understand it, a Combinator is a species of Function.
+:25:04 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	See the introductory book by Raymond Smullyan, “To Mock a Mockingbird” for a beginner’s guide to Combinatory Logic.
+:33:00 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	“The Inner Game of Tennis”
+</code>
+</WRAP>
+[[lexingtoncomputergroup|return]]
+====20240731====
+===History of Computers 1969-1994===
+<WRAP prewrap>
+<code>
+:03:02 From Jerome Slate to Everyone:
+	What is the origin of the word byte?
+:05:23 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	Gemini sez …
+	«The term "byte" was coined by Werner Buchholz in 1956.
+. Werner Buchholz - IEEE Computer Society www.computer.org
+	He was working on the IBM Stretch computer at the time and wanted a term for a group of bits. He originally considered "bite" but changed it to "byte" to avoid confusion with "bit".
+. Werner Buchholz Coins the Term "Byte", Deliberately Misspelled to Avoid Confusion with Bit www.historyofinformation.com
+	Interestingly, the number of bits in a byte wasn't initially fixed, but it eventually standardized to eight bits. »
+:06:01 From Steve Isenberg to Everyone:
+	Bit is a contraction of Binary Digit.
+:06:19 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	First use of the word "byte" by Werner Buchholz in June 1956:
+	http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/IBM/Stretch/pdfs/06-07/102632284.pdf
+	And yes, this was an IBM Stretch computer.
+:08:17 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	The name [bit] is a portmanteau of binary digit. (Wikipedia)
+:11:50 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	Analog Computers were entirely programmed with patch panels.
+:13:47 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	My brother and I had the "digicomp" toys, which were programmed with metal rods.
+:20:26 From Stan Rose to Everyone:
+	https://multicians.org/thvv/7094.html
+:23:14 From Carl Lazarus to Everyone:
+	A T1 was 1.5Mbits/sec
+:24:27 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	Al Gore was the first political leader to recognize the importance of the
+	Internet and to promote and support its development.
+	Al Gore and the Internet
+	By Robert Kahn and Vinton Cerf
+	https://web.eecs.umich.edu/~fessler/misc/funny/gore,net.txt
+:25:24 From Carl Lazarus to Everyone:
+	Amazon was originally named "Cadabra".  Some people thought it was "Cadaver", not so good.
+:28:12 From Carl Lazarus to Everyone:
+	The first proposal for a survivable military network was done at the RAND corporation, by Paul Baran.  This was separate from DARPA.
+:32:36 From Judy & Mike Alexander to Everyone:
+	Modems were (I think) used as early as World War II.  MODEm stands for modulate/demodulate.
+:33:58 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	In 1941, the Allies developed a voice encryption system called SIGSALY which used a vocoder to digitize speech, then encrypted the speech with one-time pad and encoded the digital data as tones using frequency shift keying. This was also a digital modulation technique, making this an early modem. (Wikipedia)
+:43:47 From John Rudy to Everyone:
+	I remember now, the T1 was 1.544 megabits/sec and was quite expensive, hundreds of dollars/month
+:56:41 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	How many voice channels does a T1 line carry?
+:57:37 From Adam Broun to Everyone:
+:57:52 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	Gemini sez…
+	«A T1 line can carry 24 voice channels.
+. What is a T1 Line? - GoTo www.goto.com
+	It's important to note that one of these channels is typically used for signaling information (like caller ID), leaving 23 channels for actual voice communication.
+. What is a T1 Line and How Fast is T1 Internet? - One Ring Networks oneringnetworks.com»
+:14:03 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	BBN developed the Interface Message Processor (IMP) for packet switching.
+:17:06 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	DECnet, Ethernet, AppleTalk, and UUNET.
+:19:07 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	The press release for the BBN IMP was misreported as the Interfaith Message Processor.
+:19:28 From Mitch Wolfe to Everyone:
+	OSI model
+	by layer
+.  Application layer
+.  Presentation layer
+.  Session layer
+.  Transport layer
+.  Network layer
+.  Data link layer
+.  Physical layer
+:25:36 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	Paul Baran and Donald Davies independently invented the concept of digital packet switching used in modern computer networking including the Internet.[1][2][3]
+:25:45 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	(Wikipedia)
+:27:05 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	Packet Switching was an evolutionary advance based on Time-Division Multiplexing.
+:29:26 From Barry Kort to Everyone:
+	Captain Crunch (toy whistle) imitated the tones of In-Band Signalling.
+:33:23 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	Another spoofing of the universal signaling tones involves creating a voice-mail message which begins with the three-tone signal that the number is out of service. This disconnects most robo-dialers for spam calls.
+</code>
+</WRAP>
+[[lexingtoncomputergroup|return]]
+====20240717====
+===Developing the Abiocor total artificial heart===
+<WRAP prewrap>
+<code>
+:10:59 From John Rudy to Everyone:
+	In 1971 my brother worked for GE. They developed a unit to oxygenate blood during an operation when the body couldn't do it.  Thy were 3 times as successful as alternative devices.  But it turned out that one of the  pieces of the machine was built using a piece of material built in a machine that has asbestos.  No asbestos in the part, but the process got shut down and his machine came off the market.
+</code>
+</WRAP>
+[[lexingtoncomputergroup|return]]
+====20240703====
+===Buying a Computer===
+<WRAP prewrap>
+<code>
+:41:51 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	CPU-X works like CPU-Z for Linux. Mac is still in its own world, as far as I can tell.
+:42:17 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	https://thetumultuousunicornofdarkness.github.io/CPU-X/
+:43:30 From Bob Primak to Everyone:
+	Mac system info is in the Mac interface itself.
+:03:34 From Drew King to Everyone:
+	https://www.neowin.net/news/windows-10-will-get-five-years-of-additional-support-thanks-to-0patch/
+:04:53 From Drew King to Everyone:
+patch is a yearly subscription that costs 24.95 EUR (~$27)
+:28:53 From Larry W. to Everyone:
+	Usb-c is 40 GB/s; hdmi2 is 18 GB/s
+</code>
+</WRAP>
+[[lexingtoncomputergroup|return]]
+====20240619====
+===5G & Beyond Update===
+<WRAP prewrap>
+<code>
+:15:36 From Steve Isenberg to Everyone:
+	Would these frequencies be the ones your phone would need to cover to use 5G?
+:31:26 From Stan Rose to Everyone:
+	What is the advantage of having the label "advanced broadband", other than faster is better
+:42:19 From Stan Rose to Everyone:
+	Just like the rollout of 5g last year was delayed by the fear of airport interferwnce
+:12:52 From Mitch Wolfe to Everyone:
+	Is China participating in IMT-2030? In what role?
+</code>
+</WRAP>
+[[lexingtoncomputergroup|return]]
 ====20240529====
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 </WRAP>
 [[lexingtoncomputergroup|return]]
 ====20240515====
 ===Spacecraft Technology===